Complete Experimental Process of Piezoceramics

Complete Experimental Process of Piezoceramics

1. Experimental Purpose

This experiment takes PZT-based or lead-free piezoceramic systems as research objects to complete the whole process from powder preparation, molding and sintering to polarization treatment. A fully automatic tablet press is used to prepare high-density ceramic green bodies, and an 8-channel high-voltage polarization device is adopted for parallel polarization of multiple samples. The influence laws of molding pressure, polarization electric field, polarization temperature, polarization time and other process parameters on the microstructure and electrical properties of piezoceramics are systematically studied, providing experimental basis for the optimized preparation of high-performance piezoceramic materials.

2. Experimental Materials and Equipment

2.1 Experimental Materials

Piezoceramic powder (pre-synthesized PZT-based or KNN-based lead-free system)

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) binder (concentration 5–8 wt%)

Anhydrous ethanol (analytical grade)

Silver paste (for electrode preparation)

Methyl silicone oil (polarization medium)

2.2 Experimental Equipment

Fully automatic tablet press (equipped with molds of Φ10mm/Φ15mm/Φ20mm and other specifications)

PZT-JH30/8 8-channel high-voltage polarization device

Box-type resistance furnace (for sintering)

High-temperature oven (for binder removal)

Ultrasonic cleaner

Screen printing station or silver coating pen

Electronic analytical balance (accuracy 0.1mg)

3. Experimental Steps

Stage 1: Powder Preparation and Granulation (Pre-process)

Step 1: Pre-sintered Powder Preparation

Weigh Pb₃O₄, ZrO₂, TiO₂ (or raw materials such as K₂CO₃, Na₂CO₃, Nb₂O₅ for lead-free systems) according to stoichiometric ratio, add anhydrous ethanol for planetary ball milling for 24 hours. Dry the slurry in an 80℃ oven for 12 hours, sieve through a 60-mesh sieve, then put into an alumina crucible for pre-sintering at 850–950℃ for 2–4 hours to complete perovskite phase synthesis.